It is concerned with the diagnosis, treatment and pronosis of dental caries.
The part of the tooth that is visible in the mouth is called the crown, and the part that is not visible in the mouth is called the root. Our teeth are made up of several layers. The outermost part of the crown, that is, the part that is seen in our mouth is called enamel. The cement layer covers the root of our tooth, which is under the gingiva and surrounded by bone. There is a dentin layer under the tooth enamel and cement layers.

Dentin is the largest layer of the tooth, and unlike the enamel layer, it contains nerve endings. With this feature, it plays a role in the pain mechanism. Under the dentin layer is the dental pulp. In this part, there are vessels and nerves of the tooth.

The pulp plays an important role during the eruption and development of the tooth. In addition, after tooth eruption, it informs us about the pain mechanism and the problems our teeth encounter. If the caries has not reached the pulp of the tooth, the caries is cleaned. And instead, composite filling can be made directly on a pedestal, or it can be indirectly measured and restored with porcelain filling (porcelain inlay) or composite inlay fillings. However, if the caries has reached the pulp, endodontic treatment is performed.